Python

Beginner Level

1. Introduction to Python

   • Overview of Python and its features

   • Installing Python and a code editor

   • Running Python programs

   • Writing your first "Hello, World!" program

2. Variables and Data Types

   • Understanding variables and their purpose

   • Working with different data types (strings, numbers, booleans)

   • Basic operations and expressions

3. Control Flow and Loops

   • Conditional statements (if-else, nested if-else)

   • Looping structures (for loop, while loop)

   • Using break and continue statements

4. Lists and Tuples

   • Understanding lists and tuples

   • Accessing and modifying list elements

   • List operations (slicing, concatenation, sorting)

   • Working with nested lists

5. String Manipulation

   • String operations (concatenation, slicing, length)

   • Common string methods (split, join, replace)

   • Formatting strings

6. Functions

   • Defining and calling functions

   • Function parameters and return values

   • Scope and lifetime of variables

   • Recursive functions

7. Dictionaries and Sets

   • Introduction to dictionaries and sets

   • Adding, accessing, and modifying dictionary elements

   • Common dictionary methods

   • Set operations (union, intersection, difference)

8. File Handling

   • Opening, reading, and writing files

   • Manipulating file content

   • Working with file paths

   • Handling exceptions in file operations

9. Introduction to Modules and Packages

   • Importing and using modules

   • Creating and using packages

   • Exploring commonly used modules (math, random, datetime)

10. Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

    • Understanding OOP concepts (classes, objects, inheritance)

    • Defining classes and creating objects

    • Working with class attributes and methods

    • Encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism

Intermediate Level

1. Error Handling and Exceptions

   • Understanding exceptions and their types

   • Using try-except blocks

   • Handling specific exceptions

   • Raising custom exceptions

2. Working with Files and Directories

   • File management operations (copying, moving, deleting)

   • Navigating directory structures

   • Working with file metadata (permissions, timestamps)

   • Using the os and shutil modules

3. Regular Expressions

   • Introduction to regular expressions

   • Pattern matching and searching

   • Replacing and manipulating strings using patterns

   • Using the re module

4. Working with JSON and CSV Data

   • Reading and writing JSON data

   • Parsing and manipulating JSON structures

   • Reading and writing CSV files

   • Using the json and csv modules

5. Functional Programming Concepts

   • Working with lambda functions

   • Using map, filter, and reduce functions

   • Understanding generator functions and iterators

   • Exploring the itertools module

6. Database Interaction with Python

   • Introduction to relational databases

   • Connecting to databases (SQLite, MySQL, PostgreSQL)

   • Executing SQL queries with Python

   • Using the sqlite3 or an ORM library like SQLAlchemy

7. Web Scraping and Data Retrieval

   • Introduction to web scraping

   • Parsing HTML with libraries like BeautifulSoup

   • Scraping data from websites

   • Handling authentication and pagination

8. Introduction to GUI Programming

   • Overview of GUI frameworks (Tkinter, PyQt, Kivy)

   • Building simple graphical interfaces

   • Handling events and user input

   • Creating interactive applications

9. Working with APIs

   • Overview of RESTful APIs

   • Making HTTP requests with Python

   • Parsing JSON responses

   • Building API clients and wrappers

10. Testing and Debugging

    • Importance of testing and test-driven development

    • Writing and running unit tests with unittest or pytest

    • Debugging techniques and tools

    • Code profiling and optimization

Advanced Level

1. Advanced OOP Concepts

   • Advanced inheritance and multiple inheritance

   • Method resolution order (MRO)

   • Abstract classes and interfaces

   • Operator overloading and magic methods

2. Concurrency and Multithreading

   • Introduction to concurrency

   • Working with threads and processes

   • Synchronization and thread safety

   • Using the threading or multiprocessing modules

3. Asynchronous Programming

   • Introduction to asynchronous programming

   • Working with coroutines

4. Decorators and Metaprogramming

   • Understanding decorators and their purpose

   • Creating and using decorators

   • Writing class decorators

   • Metaprogramming techniques using decorators

5. Context Managers and Resource Management

   • Introduction to context managers

   • Using the with statement

   • Creating custom context managers

   • Resource management and cleanup

6. Advanced File I/O and Serialization

   • Advanced file handling techniques

   • Working with binary files

   • Serializing and deserializing Python objects

   • Using libraries like pickle and marshal

7. Networking and Socket Programming

   • Introduction to networking concepts

   • Working with sockets and network protocols

   • Creating client-server applications

   • Implementing network communication

8. Web Development with Python

   • Overview of web development frameworks (Django, Flask)

   • Building web applications with Python

   • Handling routing, templates, and forms

   • Database integration and ORM usage

9. Data Science and Data Analysis

   • Introduction to data science and its applications

   • Working with data manipulation libraries (NumPy, Pandas)

   • Data visualization with Matplotlib or Seaborn

   • Analyzing and interpreting data